Which figure is prominent in the Harlem Renaissance as a literary figure?

W.E.B. DuBois is a prominent figure in the Harlem Renaissance, particularly known for his contributions to literature and his advocacy for civil rights. He was a co-founder of the NAACP and an intellectual leader who helped shape the discourse on race and equality in America during the early 20th century. One of his most significant literary contributions is "The Souls of Black Folk," a collection of essays that explores African American culture, identity, and the struggles against oppression. His work celebrated African American culture and history and called for social and political change, making him a central figure during the Harlem Renaissance period, which was marked by a flourishing of African American literature, art, and music focused on cultural pride and social critique.

Other figures mentioned in the choices, such as Booker T. Washington, Frederick Douglass, and Thomas Jefferson, played important roles in American history but are not primarily associated with the literary movements of the Harlem Renaissance. Washington focused on education and vocational training for African Americans, Douglass was a renowned abolitionist and orator, while Jefferson was a founding father and statesman. Their contributions lie in different contexts and time periods, making W.E.B. DuBois the most fitting choice regarding literary prominence within the Harlem Renaissance.