According to Buddhism, what is the main source of suffering?

In Buddhism, the main source of suffering is identified as desire, which encompasses cravings and attachments to transient objects or experiences. This concept is a key component of the Four Noble Truths, specifically the second truth, which asserts that suffering is caused by desire or tanhā. Desire refers to the insatiable longing for things, whether material possessions, relationships, or even ideals. This craving leads to a cycle of dissatisfaction because such desires are ultimately unfulfilled or impermanent, contributing to the ongoing experience of suffering in life.

While aspects like ignorance and attachment are also significant in Buddhist teachings, they are often viewed as underlying causes or factors that contribute to desire. Ignorance can lead individuals to cling to attachments, and attachment can stem from desire. However, desire itself is central to the understanding of suffering because it propels individuals into actions and thoughts that are not conducive to achieving lasting peace or happiness. Thus, recognizing and overcoming desire is essential for alleviating suffering and progressing on the path to enlightenment in Buddhism.